CHAPTER 9  Various types of Bala (forces)

We know that force is the most important attribute for functioning of the cosmos. Force is that basic property of the substance, by which the entire universe is controlled, it is is created and will be destroyed at an appropriate time. Every substance in this cosmos, from smaller than the smallest to the larger than the largest, all are controlled by an attribute named as ‘force’.

9.1 Features of force

            While writing about the force, Maharṣi Yāska writes in his book Nirukta–

‘Balaṁ kasmāt balaṁ bharaṁ bhavati bibhartteḥ’

            Means the property that holds and nurtures any matter is called as ‘Bala’ force. We all know that it is the force that holds together various celestial bodies to the smallest particles.  Now the question is, how does the force ‘nurtures’? Here the word nurture implies that the ‘very existence’ of the substance too is dependent on the force. Let us understand it this way, that any bulky substance is formed by the bonding of numerous subtle particles and its existence is dependent on that bond. If that bond between the subtle components ceases to exist suddenly, then it will lose its existence and will disintegrate into those components.

            Now, is the existence of the subtle particles too dependent on the force? If yes, then how? Let us understand it this way that every particle is made of various Chanda and Prāṇa Raśmi-s, next these Raśmi-s are from Manas Tattva, Mahat-Tattva and ultimately from Prakṛti form of root matter. Due to this reason, all elementary particles and wave particles too exist due to the forces present between the Raśmi-s. Therefore, their life too is dependent on the force. It must be noted that in modern physics there is no clear definition of the force, while in Vaidika Physics, one can know about the properties of ‘Bala’ (force), when he/she learns about the term ‘Bala’.

9.2 Types of forces

            Modern science acknowledges the existence of four types of forces. For all these four forces, it considers four mediator particles which are responsible for them.  These are

1. Electromagnetic force – Photon
2. Gravitational force – Graviton
3. Strong nuclear force – Meson
4. Weak nuclear force – W*, W^–, Z⁰

      Electromagnetic force acts between the charged particles, due to which the electrically charged particles attract or repel each other. This electromagnetic force pervades in the entire universe and plays important role in creating, settling and managing the entire universe. This cosmos will finish in a moment in its absence. Due to this force, various molecules and other substances etc. remain in equilibrium and in motion.

      The second is Gravitational force which works between two objects having mass. Due to this force, various celestial bodies are tied with each other. This plays important role in existence of every living being including us.

          The rest of the two forces operate inside the nucleus, due to which the nucleus exists.

            But modern science is still unable to know about the working of these. How are these mediator particles formed? Which force is responsible for their exchanges? These all are still unknown to modern science. On the other hand, Vaidika Science acknowledges the existence of nine types of forces. These are

1. Antaryāmaḥ – This force is in form of subtle Raśmi-s continuously transmitted in the mid region of various particles and waves. It exists in form of small Raśmi-s in the elementary particles and wave particles and makes them active and stimulates them to retain their state.
2. Aindravāyavaḥ – This force is the cause of generation, activity, intensity of energy and motion and functions between two charged particles. Barring the gravitational force among the 4 forces of the modern science, all come under this force.
3. Maitrāvaruṇaḥ – This force is responsible for combining the joint Prāṇa-s between Prāṇa – Apāna and Prāṇa – Udāna This force is present in very subtle form in various other forces. It is also the cause of force of high-speed objects.

            Maitrāvaruṇaḥ force works between Prāṇa and Apāna and Prāṇa and Udāna. Due to this force the cosmos is formed and operating and it pervades in the entire cosmos. This force originates from the synthesis of very very subtle Raśmi-s of Mana and Sūtrātmā Vāyu. Due to these Raśmi-s Vyāna Raśmi-s originate in place of Mediator Particles, which continuously flow in Prāṇa and Apāna and Prāṇa and Udāna to mutually bind them. This force continuously operates since the formation of cosmos until its dissolution.

4. Āśvinaḥ -The meaning of Āśvinaḥ is pervasive or extensive. This force exists as an active force between various particles and waves and also in form of a subtle repulsive force at very close level between various minute particles.

            Due to this reason there is a mandatory controlled space between subtle particles. Hence, no two subtle particles or large objects can ever touch each other completely.

          Additionally, the gravitational force is also called as Āśvina force. This universe is stable due to this Āśvina force, which represents two extensive attractive and repulsive forces.

5. Śukraḥ – The Raśmi-s of this force have high penetration capabilities, means it is present in very high energy objects, which disintegrates various substances to purifies them. For example, it exists in the core of the Sun.
6. Manthīḥ – This force is generated prior to the aforementioned Shukra force and goes deep into subtle levels of objects and stirs them.
7. Āgrayaṇaḥ – This is the most extensive force in the universe. It plays role in absorption and release of energy. For example, electrons are able to absorb or emit wave-particles due to this force.
8. Ukthyaḥ – This force provides compact form to each Chanda Raśmi (which itself is a form of force) i.e. gives them a proper structure of Raśmi. This is very subtle force.
9. Dhruvaḥ – The Raśmi-s of this force try to bind the nearby force Raśmi-s by not going far, in very slow speed and in a limited zone.

9.3 Special mention about force

            In this cosmos, whatever particles and waves etc. and matter that exist and whatever mutual activities they do, these nine forces play and important role. These forces originate at the beginning of the cosmos. These forces control all subtle particles, pave way for their formation, assist their mutual combination and separation and make way to create larger objects.

            These 9 types of forces are important and contiguous part of the process of combination and separation. Force Raśmi-s, other particles and waves are primarily function of one matter. When the formation of cosmos begins, the forces are the first to originate. Post that, various activities, motions etc. originate from them. Later, stopping and controlling various subtle particles, providing motion to the stationary and stagnating a moving object is possible only by different forces at various levels. 

            In this universe, the force that operates between two substances is basically the force of the Prāṇa only. Due to various types of Prāṇa and the system within, the differences in their alignment etc. too is the cause of different types of forces. The force that operates between Dhanañjaya and Sūtrātmā Vāyu Raśmi-s and various field particles, is produced by the combination of Gāyatrī Chanda Raśmi and Prāṇa Raśmi.

            The force acting between Prāṇa and Apāna or Prāṇa and Udāna is generated by the synthesis of Mana and Sūtrātmā Vāyu or Daivī Triṣṭup and Daivī Uṣṇik Chanda Raśmi-s. The force acting between wave-particles and electrons is generated by combination of Sūtrātmā Vāyu covering Triṣṭup Chanda Raśmi-s and Paṁkti, Bṛhatī Chanda Raśmi-s. Gravitational force, which acts between two non-luminous objects, two luminous and between a luminous and a non-luminous object, too comes under Āśvina. The force acting between electrons and wave particles too can be considered under gravitational force and also as electrical force. This way it can be considered in both categories.

9.4 Unified force

            In this universe, every type of energy and matter are formed from various Prāṇa and Chanda Raśmi-s. These Prāṇa and Chanda Raśmi-s are formed by Manas Tattva. In reality, the combination of Mana and Vāk Tattva is the active Manas Tattva. This active Manas Tattva only, is the causal agent and stimulant of all subtlest particle and radiations and even subtler Prāṇa Raśmi-s etc. During absolute dissolution (Pralaya) entire mass, energy and Ākāśa gets merged into active Manas Tattva and finally get absorbed into Prakṛti which is final Upādāna.

            The Manas Tattva is homogeneously distributed in this universe and is not denser or rarer at places, except the exception of Manas Tattva within Raśmi-s. It is the Vāk Tattva that gets rarer or denser and due to synthesis of Vāk and Manas Tattva, the combine will be rarer and denser. It is due to this reason, active Manas Tattva produces various forms, forces actions etc. at different place by being rarer – denser. If that would not have been the case, the formation of the cosmos would not have begun. The force of this active Manas Tattva is the subtlest. All other forces originate from it only successively. It is always present in very subtle from inside all the forces and they all are stimulated and managed by it.

       Behind this force too, the force of the conscious entity works continuously which regularly vibrates the Manas Tattva and produces Vāk Tattva. It then produces active Manas Tattva from Manas Tattva containing Vāk Tattva. It then produces the root force by activating Manas Tattva using this Manas Tattva having Vāk Tattva inside. The conscious entity produces the forces of Manas Tattva and Vāk Tattva using the aforementioned Kāla Tattva. Modern science is contemplating a Unified Force, but in reality, it is this force which is Unified Force, and this cannot be known by physical techniques. In the next two chapters, we will learn more about gravitational and electromagnetic force in detail.